In such case we need to fit a flexible pipe component at that location, which is called an EXPANSION JOINT If this tank nozzle expands, when the tank is hot. Let us now investigate some aspects of pipe flexibility. Here we see a more or less functional piping system, with valves and strainer installed. Other than valves another important line component of pipe line is a filter, which cleans out derbies from the flowing fluid. There are many types of valves, categorized based on their construction and functionality, Those are - Gate, Globe, Check, Butterfly, etc. That is called - VALVE These are flanged joints This is a welded joint We need some arrangement to stop the flow if needed To control the flow in a pipe line we need to fit a special component. But there is no control over the flow from Tank-1 to other tanks. Anyway, the pipes and fittings are in place, but the ends are yet to be joined with the Tank nozzles. These, in piping term, we call TERMINAL CONNECTIONS. We now have to complete the end connections. These are the pipe fittings, There are various types of fittings for various purposes, some common types are - Elbows/Bends, Tees/Branches, Reducers/Expanders, Couplings, Olets, etc. To solve these problems we need the pipe components, which are called PIPE FITTINGS We need some branch connections We need some bend connections Even some pipes are of different sizes! We have just brought the pipes, now we need to solve some more problems. We will need to connect pipes to transfer the fluids from Tank-1 to Tank-2 and Tank-3 LET US BRING THE PIPES. Tank-1, Tank-2 and Tank-3 We have to transfer the content of Tank no. Now let us start with a plant where we see three tanks. In any plant various fluids flow through pipes from one end to other. Piping Fundamentals – For Fresher Engineers In next few pages we shall try to familiarize about pipe and it’s components. And it’s engineering plays a major part in overall engineering of a Plant. It is a very important component for any industrial plant. meant for conveying Liquid, Gas or any thing that flows. Let us first Discuss about WHAT IS PIPE! It is a Tubular item made of metal, plastic, glass etc. Material & Sizing Critical piping system consideration. Orientation of various tapings, components, etc. Piping Fundamentals – For Fresher Engineers Piping System - What is that? Concept Layout Development Piping Components & their access requirement.